🇷🇺 #OTD, on September 14, 1959, 65 years ago, the Soviet automatic interplanetary station "Luna-2" reached the surface of the Moon, becoming the first man-made object to touch another celestial body.

🌓 Launched on September 12 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome, "Luna-2" made a journey that ended in the Sea of Rains region near the craters Aristillus, Archimedes and Autolycus.

🟣The "Luna-2" mission was the second most important event in the history of cosmonautics after the flight of Yuri Gagarin, demonstrating the advanced achievements of the Soviet space program. Major scientific achievement is the first direct measurement of the solar wind and confirmation of the Moon's lack of a significant magnetic field and radiation belt.

#History
#Space
#Luna2
#SovietCosmonautics

📆 #OTD, on September 16, 1915, for the first time in the history of navigation, Boris Vilkitsky (1885-1961), Russian hydrographer and explorer of the Arctic, made a through route from Vladivostok to Arkhangelsk.

🟣The expedition began in Vladivostok on July 7, 1914, on the icebreaking steamers “Vaygach” and “Taymyr”.

☝️ During the expedition extensive scientific research was carried out: winds, currents, ice condition, depths of the northern seas were studied. The coordinates of the points of the southern coast of the Severnaya Zemlya archipelago were determined and the strait between the Kara Sea and the Laptev Sea, named in Vilkitsky's honor, was discovered. This voyage was a milestone in the history of world navigation and Arctic exploration.

#Arctic
#History
#PolarExploration
#NorthernSeaRoute

🌲🏔️ #OTD, on September 26, 1969, 55 years ago, the Baikal Nature Reserve was founded. Located in the central part of the Hamar-Daban ridge, it has become an important site for the conservation and study of the unique nature of the Southern Baikal region.

🌳 The reserve, covering an area of 167,871 hectares, includes a variety of landscapes: from East Siberian taiga to Mongolian steppes. Its territory is rich in lakes and mountain rivers with crystal clear water. The flora includes more than 800 species of higher plants, many of which are listed in the Red Book.

🐻 The Baikal Reserve plays a key role in preserving the local fauna, being home to many species of animals, including sable, lynx, wolverine, reindeer and, of course, the “master” of the area – the brown bear. In addition to conservation activities, the reserve conducts scientific research, environmental education and develops ecotourism, offering visitors a unique opportunity to get acquainted with the beauty and richness of the Baikal nature.

📸 А.Bezrukov, S.Krasikov, I.Dmitriev, M.Chumak.

#NatureProtection
#Baikal
#Ecology

🌎🚀 #OTD, the World Space Week (October 4-10), largest annual event dedicated to the exploration of outer space, kicks off today. Established by the UN in 1999, it is aimed at inspiring future professionals, educating the public and promoting international cooperation in space. The dates were chosen to commemorate the launch of the first satellite and the signing of the Outer Space Treaty.

🛰️ On October 4, 1957, the USSR launched the first artificial Earth satellite. “Sputnik-1” was put into orbit by a R-7 launch vehicle from the Baikonur Cosmodrome, becoming the first man-made celestial body and a symbol of technological progress.

🇷🇺 Russian Space Forces Day, celebrated on October 4, coincides with the anniversary of the launch of the first satellite. This holiday honors the contribution of servicemen to the development of the country's space industry and security in outer space.

🟣60 years ago, on October 4, 1964, the Monument to the Conquerors of Space was opened in Moscow. 107 meters high, it depicts a rocket soaring into the sky with a plume of smoke. Until 1995, it was the tallest monument in Russia, symbolizing the country's achievements in the space sphere.

#WorldSpaceWeek
#RussiaInSpace

🎨 🌄 #OTD, 150 years ago, on October 9, 1874, the outstanding Russian painter, thinker and traveller, Nicholas Roerich, was born.

🤔 Even in his early years, he showed a deep interest in Indian culture and philosophy. Later, having moved to this country, he began to study and carefully popularize the local culture and spiritual traditions. His creative legacy became a link between the cultures of Russia and India, significantly influencing the development of relations between the two powers.

🏔️ Roerich is rightly considered a master of mountain landscapes. In his paintings, the majestic peaks of the Himalayas appear not just as geographical objects, but as symbols of spiritual ascent and cosmic harmony. The artist masterfully conveyed the mystical atmosphere of the mountains, their rugged beauty and grandeur, which made his paintings recognizable all over the world.

🇷🇺🤝🇮🇳 The legacy of this unique creator plays a key role in strengthening Russian-Indian ties. His works displayed in the galleries of both countries are a symbol of cultural unity and mutual understanding between the peoples, inspiring them to develop friendly relations and cultural exchange.

#NicholasRoerich
#RussiaIndia
#DruzhbaDosti
#Himalayas
#CulturalHeritage

🎨 #OTD, on October 23, 1904, 120 years ago, Svetoslav Roerich, an outstanding Russian painter, thinker and continuator of a great dynasty, was born in St Petersburg.

🤔 The talented artist from childhood expressed interest in natural sciences, ornithology, mineralogy, which was later reflected in a unique perception of nature through his paintings.

🖼 Portrait mastery became a special page in the master's creative path — his works featured the ability to reveal the inner world of a person, convey the spiritual and emotional appearance of the model.

🇮🇳 India became his second homeland, where he created many wonderful paintings that captured the richness of local culture and philosophy. Svetoslav Roerich's artistic legacy manifests itself in a harmonious synthesis of Western and Eastern traditions, embodied in exquisite technique and deep symbolic content of paintings.

#RussiaIndia
#DruzhbaDosti
#Roerichs

📆 #OTD, 303 years ago, on November 2, 1721, Russian Tsar Peter the Great proclaimed Russia an empire.

🟣The new status cemented the power of the young state in the eyes of the world community, which had a powerful regular army and navy and had emerged victorious in the Great Northern War with Sweden less than two months earlier.

📝 As a result of the Treaty of Nystad signed on September 10, 1721, Russia legally secured its return to the Baltic Sea lost two centuries earlier.

#History