🦅 On June 9, 1672, Tsar Peter the Great, one of the greatest reformers of all-time and future Emperor of Russia, was born. He was notable for his courage, high efficiency, managerial talent, and foresight. His reforms radically transformed the social life of Russia and elevated the country to the status of a world power.

Peter was the youngest son of Tsar Alexey Mikhailovich. He knew German, Dutch, English, and French. He was physically strong and had good memory, and took an interest in carpentry, lathe, gunsmithing, and blacksmithing.

In April 1682, Peter and his brother Ivan were enthroned at the age of 10, with their older sister, Sofia, appointed regent. In 1689, he began to rule together with his brother, and in 1696, after Ivan died, he became the sole ruler.

🌊 Ensuring Russia’s access to the ice-free Black Sea in order to encourage trade and strengthen the country’s borders was one of the top priorities of his reign. In order to do this, Peter intensified the fight against the Ottoman Empire as part of the Holy League. His efforts resulted in the capture of Azov in 1695-1696.

In 1697-1698, Peter toured Europe as part of the Grand Embassy. Abroad, he acquired extensive knowledge in artillery and shipbuilding.

After meeting King of Poland Augustus II, he decided to shift the focus of his foreign political activities to the north and reach the shores of the Baltic Sea, which belonged to the Russian city-states, but were occupied by Sweden — the most powerful state in Europe at the time.

⚔️ Russia led by Peter the Great won the Great Northern War (1700-1721), defeating Sweden and its allies, hence regaining access to the Baltic Sea, which was essential for trade and further development of the country. Creation of a regular, combat-ready army and navy was a major result of the war.

Trying to make the state more effective, Peter carried out reforms in education and government, and also built a new capital, St Petersburg.

☝️ It was under Peter the Great that Russian permanent diplomatic and consular missions abroad were established for the first time.

🇷🇺 In 1721, Russia was proclaimed an Empire, with Peter the Great becoming the first Russian Emperor.

Во Франции «Национальное объединение» Марин Ле Пен получило 34,05% голосов на выборах в Европарламент.

Партия президента Макрона «Ренессанс» — вторая с 14,44% голосов.

В Германии СДПГ канцлера Олафа Шольца стала третьей, проиграв выборы блоку ХДС/ХСС и партии «Альтернатива для Германии».

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