Embassy of Russia in the USA / Посольство России в США
7.04K subscribers
5.64K photos
653 videos
147 files
2.96K links
Официальный новостной канал Посольства России в США.
加入频道
🇷🇺🇺🇸 Comment by Press Secretary of the Russian Embassy in the USA Igor Girenko regarding additional appropriations to counter the Russian media

We have noted the Pentagon's request for additional funding to fight the Russian media against the backdrop of the success of Russia Today and Sputnik.

👉We qualify it as the preparation for the Summit for Democracy where one of the key topics has been announced – to ensure freedom of the press. Apparently, without the additional injections, "free and independent" journalism in the West is no longer able to function.

Russian correspondents’ achievements disgust Washington for obvious reasons: the truth hurts. The audience of our media, which objectively covers events on the world stage, is constantly growing. The local fake factory has a genre crisis - all the norms of decency and professional ethics have been lost.

☝️Having created numerous difficulties for the Russian media in the United States, the administration has made a travesty of the First Amendment to the US Constitution. However, this is not enough for Washington. With maniacal persistence, Americans are trying to not only maintain their former authority and dominance in international affairs, but also seek to subdue the global information space. It will hardly work. One can't hide the truth from people. All these additional appropriations are money for nothing. Moreover, it is the money of American taxpayers, who are forced to finance both the White House's foreign policy escapades and their propaganda support out of their own pockets.
🇷🇺🇺🇸Comment by the Russian Embassy in the United States

We noted Secretary of State Antony Blinken's statement made on March 23 during the congressional hearings in Congress that supposedly no agency of the U.S. government blew up “Nord Stream” pipelines or facilitated that action.

☝️We have to remind that statements by U.S. officials, who have repeatedly resorted to deceit and disinformation, including at international fora, are not trustworthy. Especially given their public threats to “bring an end” to the critical infrastructure in the Baltic Sea and remarks concerning the unacceptance of mutually beneficial energy ties between the Russian Federation and Europe.

On our part, we consistently and persistently call for the launch of an impartial and transparent international investigation into the attacks against “Nord Stream” pipelines. However, the United States, along with a narrow group of like-minded states vehemently oppose such efforts. One should question why “former partners” who officially declared their non-involvement in the organization of the terrorist attack, afraid of? Do they have something to hide?

👉U.S. Administration’s formal references to supposedly ongoing national investigations in European jurisdictions do not withstand criticism. Above all, due to their lack of transparency and blocking access to PJSC Gazprom (the owner of the pipelines!) to determine the circumstances of the sabotage.
🗓 24 марта 1999 г. Североатлантический альянс, грубо нарушив основополагающие принципы международного права, закреплённые в Уставе ООН, начал бомбардировки Югославии.

В течение 78 суток США и их союзники бомбили города, включая Белград, и сёла, гражданскую инфраструктуру, взрывали мосты, пассажирские поезда и автобусы, убивали женщин, детей, стариков. Именно тогда Запад своими собственными руками разрушил фундамент, на котором в послевоенный период базировалась безопасность в Европе, и запустил процесс подмены легитимных механизмов, регулирующих международные отношения, неким «порядком, основанным на правилах».

Применение НАТО боеприпасов с обедненным ураном привело к заражению обширных площадей и небывалому всплеску онкологических заболеваний, от которых люди страдают по сей день, в том числе военнослужащие контингента Сил для Косово, введённого туда по окончании войны решением Совета Безопасности ООН. Свыше 200 тыс. жителей края неалбанской национальности покинули места своего проживания и всё ещё не могут вернуться домой.

Под прикрытием натовской агрессии боевики из т.н. «Освободительной армии Косово» совершали чудовищные злодеяния, включая похищения сербов с целью незаконной торговли человеческими органами. Многие из преступников до сих пор остаются на свободе.

❗️ Никто из представителей Североатлантического альянса не понес никакого наказания. В свою очередь, жертв агрессии просто решили назвать «сопутствующими потерями», т.е. потерями, которые «сопутствуют» реализации геополитических амбиций США, Великобритании и их сателлитов.

Лишь после некоторых наиболее вопиющих случаев убийств гражданского населения американские военные нехотя принесли свои «извинения». Вопрос об ответственности североатлантических союзников за ущерб, который они нанесли международным отношениям и конкретной стране, остаётся открытым.

☝️ Вооруженная операция НАТО против суверенной Югославии более чем двадцатилетней давности стала трагедией, долгосрочные и многоплановые последствия которой ощущаются до сих пор.
Forwarded from Russian MFA 🇷🇺
🗓 On March 24, 1999, the North Atlantic bloc started bombing Yugoslavia in gross violation of the fundamental principles of international law enshrined in the UN Charter.

The US and its allies bombed Yugoslavian cities, including Belgrade, villages and civilian infrastructure for 78 days, blowing up bridges, passenger trains and buses and killing women, children and elderly people. By doing that, the West destroyed the post-WWII foundations of European security and started replacing the legitimate mechanisms that regulated international relations with a “rules-based order”.

The use of depleted uranium ammunition contaminated vast areas and caused an unprecedented rise in cancer-related diseases, which has affected many people, including the Kosovo Force (KFOR) personnel deployed there after the war by decision of the UN Security Council. Over 200,000 non-Albanian residents of Kosovo, who had to flee from their homes, have not yet returned there.

Using the aggression as a pretext, members of the so-called Kosovo Liberation Army committed heinous crimes, including the kidnapping and murder of Serbs for body parts. Many of these criminals are still at large.

❗️ No NATO representative has been called to account. The victims of the aggression were written off as “collateral damage,” which means that they were the civilian casualties of the operations conducted by the United States, Britain and their satellites to attain their geopolitical ambitions.

The US military reluctantly apologised only after several especially horrible murders of civilians had become public knowledge. The question of the NATO allies’ responsibility for the damage they have done to international relations and Yugoslavia remains open.

☝️ The military operation NATO waged against sovereign Yugoslavia more than 20 years ago is a tragedy with lasting and multifaceted consequences.
✍️ Статья С.В.Лаврова для общественно-политического журнала «Разведчик» (24 марта 2023 года)

Российская дипломатия в меняющемся мире

• Очевидно, что ситуация на Украине и вокруг неё – лишь одно из проявлений масштабной коллизии, связанной с попытками узкой группы западных государств обеспечить себе мировое господство и обратить вспять объективный процесс становления многополярной архитектуры.

• Помимо России, угрозы и шантаж звучат в адрес многих государств. В целом сегодня никто не застрахован от рейдерских, бандитских «наскоков» американцев и их натовских сателлитов.

🇷🇺🇺🇸🇪🇺 Сегодня наши отношения с США и Евросоюзом находятся на самом низком уровне со времён окончания биполярного противостояния.

• Если Запад образумится и предложит возобновить контакты – посмотрим, о чём конкретно идёт речь, и будем определяться исходя из российских интересов. Любые гипотетические договорённости с западниками должны иметь юридически обязывающий характер и предусматривать чёткий механизм контроля за их выполнением.

🌐 Фокус мировой экономики, а за ней – и политики – продолжает смещаться из Евро-Атлантики в Евразию. Тот же Евросоюз больше не может претендовать на политическое, экономическое и ценностное лидерство на евразийском пространстве.

🇷🇺 Россия продолжит продвигать объединительную повестку дня на международной арене, вносить вклад в укрепление глобальной безопасности и стабильности.

• Ситуация потребовала перевести всю нашу внешнеполитическую службу в особый режим. Будем и далее максимально гибко адаптировать кадровый потенциал Министерства к происходящим в мире тектоническим сдвигам.

• Приоритетное внимание уделяем обеспечению преемственности поколений. С удовлетворением констатирую: число желающих поступить на дипслужбу неуклонно растёт.

• Отечественная дипломатия продолжает реализовывать независимый, самостоятельный, многовекторный внешнеполитический курс, наращивать активность на самых разных географических направлениях.

Читайте полностью
Forwarded from Russian MFA 🇷🇺
✍️ Russian FM Sergey Lavrov’s article for Razvedchik (Intelligence Officer) news magazine (24 March 2023)

Russian diplomacy in a changing world

Key talking points:

💬 We live at a time of historic geopolitical shifts. The emerging multipolarity constitutes a key trend in international affairs. New centres of power in Eurasia, Asia-Pacific, the Middle East, Africa and Latin America have achieved impressive results in various areas.

🔹 On the contrary, the US-led so-called collective West is doing everything to revive the unipolar model, which has run its course. They want to force the world to live in a Western-centric rules-based order that they invented themselves.

🔹 NATO’s aggressive eastward expansion became an integral part of this selfish policy, carried out despite the political promises that were given to the Soviet leadership not to expand NATO.

🔹 The US and NATO countries have always viewed Ukraine as one of the tools they could use against Russia. To complete the transformation of our neighbouring state into an anti-Russia, the Western spin doctors engineered and then supported an anti-constitutional government coup in Kiev back in February 2014.

☝️ We have drawn the necessary conclusions from this. There will be no “business as usual” again. We will not knock on the closed door, let alone make unilateral concessions.

🔹 If the West decides to abandon its Russophobic line and opt for equal cooperation with Russia, this will above all benefit them.

❗️ The attempts to isolate Russia, build a fence around it and turn it into an outcast have failed.

🌐 The focus of the global economy continues to shift from the Euro-Atlantic region to Eurasia, and politics is following suit. Even the European Union can no longer claim political, economic or value leadership across Eurasia.

🤝 Russia will continue to promote a unifying agenda in the international arena, contribute to strengthening global security and stability, political and diplomatic settlement of numerous crises and conflicts.

Read in full
🎙 Briefing by Chief of Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Protection Troops of Russian Armed Forces Lieutenant General Igor Kirillov on consequences of West nations' supplying Kiev-regime with depleted uranium ammunition

🔹It should be noted that in armed conflicts, the depleted uranium ammunition was used exclusively by NATO countries.

🔹In particular, in 2003–2004, the US used such ammo in strikes on Iraqi cities: Amara, Baghdad, Basra, Karbala, Fallujah. In total, the United Nations estimates that the US used at least 3️⃣0️⃣0️⃣ tonnes of depleted uranium in Iraq.

☢️ As a result, the radiological conditions in Fallujah were far worse than those in Hiroshima and Nagasaki after the U.S. bombing. This city is still being called the second Chernobyl.

🔹It is to be reminded that the NATO forces used depleted uranium ammunition during bombardment of Yugoslavia in 1999. In all, some 40,000 armour-piercing air-launched projectiles with over 1️⃣5️⃣ tonnes of depleted uranium were used in that country.
Embassy of Russia in the USA / Посольство России в США
🎙 Briefing by Chief of Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Protection Troops of Russian Armed Forces Lieutenant General Igor Kirillov on consequences of West nations' supplying Kiev-regime with depleted uranium ammunition 🔹It should be noted that in armed conflicts…
🔹The main radiation hazard from depleted uranium occurs when it enters the body in the form of dust.

🔹Fluxes of alpha radiation from small uranium particles deposited in the upper and lower respiratory tract, lungs, and esophagus cause the development of malignant tumours. Accumulated in the kidneys, bones, and liver, uranium dust leads to internal organ changes.

⚠️Thus, according to the Iraqi government, in 2005 the cancer incidence in the country because of the use of depleted uranium rose from 4️⃣0️⃣ to 1️⃣ 6️⃣0️⃣0️⃣ cases per 100,000 people. In this regard, Baghdad filed a lawsuit to the International Court of Arbitration in Stockholm on 26 December 2020 against Washington, demanding compensation for the damage caused.

🔹There has also been a 25% increase in cancer incidence in the countries of the former Yugoslavia.

🌏In addition, uranium remains in the soil for a long time and poses a risk of negative effects on people, animals, and crops.

Read in full
Embassy of Russia in the USA / Посольство России в США
🎙 Briefing by Chief of Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Protection Troops of Russian Armed Forces Lieutenant General Igor Kirillov on consequences of West nations' supplying Kiev-regime with depleted uranium ammunition 🔹It should be noted that in armed conflicts…
🔹The West is well aware of the negative consequences of the use of depleted uranium ammunition on the troops, civilian population, and environment.

☢️The Summary Report of the U.S. Army Environmental Policy Institute to Congress in 1994, entitled Health and Environmental Consequences of Depleted Uranium Use by the U.S. Army, states: ‘No technology exists for reducing the toxicity of depleted uranium… The cleanup of depleted uranium ammunition areas is extremely difficult’.

🔹The report by the UK Royal Society in 2001, The health hazards of depleted uranium munitions, noted: ‘The main type of cancer for those affected by depleted uranium munitions is lung cancer’.

‼️In addition to the contamination of Ukrainian population, this would cause enormous economic damage to Ukraine’s agro-industrial complex, especially crop and livestock production, bringing down any export of agricultural products from Ukraine for many decades, if not centuries, in the future.

Read in full
🇷🇺🇹🇷📞 Состоялся телефонный разговор Президента России Владимира Путина с Президентом Турции Реджепом Тайипом Эрдоганом.

Обсуждены актуальные темы российско-турецкого партнерства в различных областях. Выражено удовлетворение положительной динамикой торгово-экономических связей, успешной реализацией совместных стратегических проектов в сфере энергетики, включая поставки газа и строительство в Турции АЭС «Аккую».

🤝 Президент Турции еще раз искренне поблагодарил за оказанную помощь в преодолении последствий землетрясения, в том числе за недавнее развертывание российского полевого госпиталя в провинции Хатай. Условлено также проработать возможности налаживания поставок из России стройматериалов в интересах восстановления разрушенной инфраструктуры и жилья.

Турецкий лидер позитивно оценил согласие России продлить на 60 дней срок действия стамбульских договоренностей, касающихся вывоза украинского зерна из черноморских портов и разблокирования экспорта российского продовольствия и удобрений. При этом высказано понимание принципиального настроя российской стороны добиться полного выполнения второй части упомянутых «пакетных» договоренностей – по устранению барьеров для сельхозпродукции из России.

Затронута сирийская проблематика. Подчеркнута важность продолжения процесса нормализации турецко-сирийских отношений. Президент Турции особо отметил в этой связи конструктивную посредническую роль России.

🕋 Пользуясь случаем, Владимир Путин поздравил Реджепа Тайипа Эрдогана и турецкий народ с наступившим священным для мусульман месяцем Рамадан.
Forwarded from Russian MFA 🇷🇺
🇷🇺🇹🇷📞 President Vladimir Putin had a telephone conversation with President of the Republic of Türkiye Recep Tayyip Erdogan.

The officials discussed topics concerning Russian-Turkish partnership in various fields. Both sides expressed satisfaction with the positive dynamic of trade and economic relations, the successful implementation of joint strategic power engineering projects, including gas supplies, and the construction of the Akkuyu Nuclear Power Plant in Türkiye.

🤝 The President of Türkiye once again expressed his gratitude for the help that Russia rendered in overcoming the aftermath of earthquakes in his country and for the recent deployment of a Russian field hospital in Hatay Province. The presidents agreed to continue working on the potential delivery of construction materials from Russia to restore destroyed infrastructure and residential buildings.

The Turkish leader positively assessed Russia’s consent to extend the Istanbul Agreements, which deal with the export of Ukrainian grain from Black Sea ports and the unblocking of exports of Russian food and fertilizers for 60 days. At the same time, he acknowledged Russia’s principled position to fulfil the second part of the aforementioned package of agreements, which are aimed at eliminating barriers in place for agricultural products from Russia.

In addition, the Syrian issue was touched upon, and the importance of continuing the normalization of Turkish-Syrian relations was underlined. In this regard the President of Türkiye highlighted the constructive mediatory role Russia has played in this process.

🕋 Vladimir Putin used the occasion to congratulate Recep Tayyip Erdogan and the Turkish people on the holy month of Ramadan.
Forwarded from Russian Mission Vienna
🗓️ 26 марта 1956 года в Дубне создан Объединённый институт ядерных исследований

⚛️ Всемирно известный научный центр, являющий собой уникальный пример успешной интеграции фундаментальных теоретических и экспериментальных исследований с разработкой и применением новейших технологий и университетским образованием
Forwarded from Russian Mission Vienna
🗓️ On March 26, 1956 the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research was established in Dubna

⚛️ World-famous scientific center, a unique example of the successful integration of fundamental theoretical experimental research with the development and application of the latest technologies and university education
Media is too big
VIEW IN TELEGRAM
🎙 Ответы Министра иностранных дел Российской Федерации С.В.Лаврова на вопросы программы «Москва. Кремль. Путин» (26 марта 2023 года)

Вопрос: Как Вы оцениваете заявления США накануне российско-китайского саммита о «неприемлемости призывов к миру». Бывало ли такое когда-либо в дипломатической практике?

💬 C.В.Лавров:  Говорили об этом с нашими китайскими коллегами. От Соединенных Штатов на данный момент можно ожидать чего угодно. Они в стремлении утвердить свою гегемонию перешли все грани дипломатического, этического и любого другого приличия.

Вопрос: По Вашему ощущению, как китайская сторона относится к такому давлению?

💬 C.В.Лавров: Китайская сторона отражает традиции великой цивилизации, которой не одна тысяча лет. Она за эти долгие годы выработала свой стиль. Он заключается в достоинстве, глубоком анализе всего происходящего и в том, чтобы не делать каких-либо поспешных шагов. Но выводы (причем самые глубокие) китайская сторона делает.
Forwarded from Russian MFA 🇷🇺
❗️On NATO and EU military supplies to Ukraine
(from the briefing by Foreign Ministry Spokeswoman Maria Zakharova, Moscow, March 23, 2023)

💬 Maria Zakharova: We hear daily reports by the Western media about the growing supplies of weapons, ammunition and military equipment sent to the Kiev regime by the United States, the EU and their satellites.

The 🇬🇧 UK's announcement about the depleted uranium munition supplies to the Kiev regime is changing the situation, no questions asked. Now, neither the neighbouring states, nor the states of the region will be able to control the impact of the used guns and shells. It simply cannot be done.

***
👉 We have conducted research and summed up the publicly available data about the volume and range of supplies by NATO and the EU countries and weapons and military equipment to Ukraine.

Since February 2022, the United States alone has supplied the Kiev neo-Nazi regime with weapons and military equipment worth $33 billion, the UK $5.2 billion, Germany $2.8 billion, and Poland $2.3 billion. The supplies include tanks and armoured vehicles, artillery systems, multiple launch rocket systems, and unmanned aerial vehicles. According to official statements, NATO countries have allocated at least $65 billion and the EU countries over $12 billion towards this end.

Since February 2022, the Ukrainian military has used about 110,000 munitions against the DPR and LPR, including tactical missiles, attack drones, various MLRS missiles and large-calibre artillery shells. More than 4,600 civilians (including almost 200 children) were killed in the DPR, LPR and the liberated regions of the Kherson and Zaporozhye regions during this period, and several thousand people were wounded (more than 300 children among them).

☝️These statistics clearly demonstrate the scale of cynicism and violation of law by Western regimes, their disregard not only for human lives, but also for those theoretical developments that they call “human rights issues” & which they themselves created.

Read in full
Forwarded from Kremlin. News
Vladimir Putin gave an interview to journalist Pavel Zarubin of the Rossiya 1 TV channel. Main points:

🔸Moscow and Minsk agreed to deploy tactical nuclear weapons in Belarus without violating international obligations. On July 1, the construction of a storage facility for them will be completed there.

🔸Russia has something in response to the depleted uranium shells; it has hundreds of thousands of such munitions, but it is not using them yet.

🔸The West supplies weapons to Ukraine covertly, but the Russian military is trying to destroy them in the process of delivery; of course there is such a goal.

🔸The Russian military-industrial complex is developing at a very fast pace, which many did not expect. The domestic industry will produce three times more ammunition than Western countries supply to Ukraine; the total number of Russian army tanks will be three times higher than the number of tanks of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.

🔸The main focus of the talks with President of China Xi Jinping was the economy. China needs a stable supply of energy resources, and the Russian Federation is able to provide such stability. Both countries are striving to join forces in high-tech areas where they have high competitiveness.

🔸The President of China also paid a lot of attention to revealing the positive inception of the Chinese plan for a peaceful settlement in Ukraine.

🔸Russia and China are developing cooperation, including in the field of military-technical cooperation, but they are not creating a military alliance and do not threaten any countries.

🔸The growing dependence of Russia on China is not discussed by sceptics, but by envious people. “For example, the dependence of the European economy on China is growing at a much faster pace than Russia's. It is different, so they should rather think of themselves,” the President noted.

🔸The US is hurting itself by limiting the use of the dollar for politically biased reasons. Russia will expand the use of the currencies it considers reliable.

🔸The trip to Mariupol, which Vladimir Putin took last week, was long overdue. It was necessary to use the example of this city to see how the restoration has been proceeding.
Forwarded from Russian MFA 🇷🇺
🎙 Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov’s answers to questions from the Moscow. Kremlin. Putin TV programme (March 26, 2023)

Question: What is your assessment of the US statements to the effect that “the peace initiative [is] unacceptable,” made in the run-up to the Russia-China summit? Has anything like that ever happened in the diplomatic practice?


💬 Sergey Lavrov: We discussed this with our Chinese colleagues. At this point, we can expect anything on earth from the United States. In a bid to assert their hegemony, they have passed all bounds of diplomatic, ethical or any other kind of decency.

Question: What, in your perception, is the Chinese side’s attitude to this pressure?

💬 Sergey Lavrov: The Chinese side reflects the traditions of a millennia-old great civilisation. Over the years, they have developed a style of their own. It consists in dignity plus a habit to subject the developments to a profound analysis and avoid taking hasty decisions. But they do draw truly insightful conclusions.
🎙 Выступление С.В.Лаврова на заседании Попечительского совета Фонда поддержки публичной дипломатии имени А.М.Горчакова (27 марта 2023 года)

🔹 Сейчас решается вопрос всего миропорядка. Решается вопрос о том, как будет устроен мир впредь, на очередную длительную эпоху, каково будет место нашей страны в этом мире.

🔹 Мы боремся не только за безопасность, жизнь русских и русскоязычных, проживающих на новых территориях, не только за пресечение угроз нашей безопасности, создаваемых прямо на наших границах, но и за отстаивание российской государственности.

🔹 Сомнений быть не должно: на любые недружественные действия мы будем реагировать жёстко, с использованием всех имеющихся средств.

🔹 Современный мир многополярен. Мало кто хочет в нынешних условиях «таскать каштаны из огня» для бывших метрополий, жертвовать своими национальными интересами ради того самого «золотого миллиарда».

🔹 Вполне закономерно, что около трёх четвертей государств мира не присоединились к антироссийским санкциям.

🔹 Сегодня многие страны Глобального Юга и Глобального Востока – так называемое Мировое большинство – видят в России надёжного, предсказуемого партнёра, готового взаимодействовать с ними на основе равноправия, баланса и взаимного учёта интересов.

🔹 Итоги визита в Россию Председателя КНР Си Цзиньпина, состоявшегося всего несколько дней назад, наглядно показали всему международному сообществу, что попытки действовать в духе «разделяй и властвуй» обречены на провал.

Читайте полностью
#Анонс

⚡️ 30 марта в 16:00 (орнт) состоится брифинг официального представителя МИД России М.В.Захаровой по текущим вопросам внешней политики.

В связи с предпринимаемыми мерами по профилактике распространения коронавирусной инфекции и с учётом рекомендаций ВОЗ о переводе мероприятий в формат телеконференций в эфире будут даны ответы на вопросы представителей СМИ, направленные в колл-центр. Прошедшие аккредитацию журналисты получат подробные разъяснения по техническим аспектам направления вопросов.

❗️ Аккредитация открыта до 15:00 29 марта.
RUSSIAN EMBASSY WEEKLY_286.pdf
4.9 MB
⚡️Enjoy The Russian Embassy Weekly
# 2️⃣8️⃣6️⃣⚡️

Main topics:

🌍International Parliamentary Conference Russia – Africa in a Multipolar World
🇷🇺🇨🇳Meeting with President of People’s Republic of China Xi Jinping
🇷🇺🇨🇳Russian-Chinese talks
🇷🇺🇨🇳Press statements by President of Russia and President of China
🎙Sergey Lavrov’s article for Razvedchik news magazine
☢️ Briefing by Igor Kirillov on consequences of West nations' supplying Kiev-regime with depleted uranium ammunition
🔹Ambassador Anatoly Antonov's answers to media questions
🔹Comment by Ambassador Anatoly Antonov on the 20th Anniversary of the U.S. invasion of Iraq
🔹Comment by Press Secretary of the Russian Embassy in the USA Igor Girenko
🔹Comments by the Russian Embassy
🔹Сonsular staff of the Russian Embassy visited Los Angeles and San Francisco as part of the field consular service
📆On March 24, 1999, NATO started bombing Yugoslavia in gross violation of the fundamental principles of international law enshrined in the UN Charter